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Which tool will help refine a security rule by specifying the applications it has viewed in past weeks?
The Policy Optimizer tool helps refine security rules by analyzing historical traffic data and identifying the applications observed over past weeks. It is designed to:
Improve Security Policies -- Identifies overly permissive rules and suggests specific application-based security policies.
Enhance Rule Accuracy -- Helps replace port-based rules with App-ID-based security rules, reducing the risk of unintended access.
Use Historical Traffic Data -- Analyzes past network activity to determine which applications should be explicitly allowed or denied.
Simplify Rule Management -- Reduces redundant or outdated policies, leading to more effective firewall rule enforcement.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect?
A . Security Lifecycle Review (SLR)
Incorrect, because SLR provides a high-level security assessment, not a tool for refining specific security rules.
It focuses on identifying security gaps rather than optimizing security policies based on past traffic data.
B . Custom Reporting
Incorrect, because Custom Reporting generates security insights and compliance reports, but does not analyze policy rules.
C . Autonomous Digital Experience Management (ADEM)
Incorrect, because ADEM is designed for network performance monitoring, not firewall rule refinement.
It helps measure end-user digital experiences rather than security policy optimizations.
Reference to Firewall Deployment and Security Features:
Firewall Deployment -- Policy Optimizer improves firewall efficiency and accuracy.
Security Policies -- Refines rules based on actual observed application traffic.
VPN Configurations -- Helps optimize security policies for VPN traffic.
Threat Prevention -- Ensures that unused or unnecessary policies do not create security risks.
WildFire Integration -- Works alongside WildFire threat detection to fine-tune application security rules.
Zero Trust Architectures -- Supports least-privilege access control by defining specific App-ID-based rules.
Thus, the correct answer is: D. Policy Optimizer
What should be reviewed when log forwarding from an NGFW to Strata Logging Service becomes disconnected?
When log forwarding from a Palo Alto Networks NGFW to the Strata Logging Service (formerly Cortex Data Lake) becomes disconnected, the primary aspect to review is device certificates. This is because the firewall uses certificates for mutual authentication with the logging service. If these certificates are missing, expired, or invalid, the firewall will fail to establish a secure connection, preventing log forwarding.
Key Reasons Why Device Certificates Are Critical
Authentication Requirement -- The NGFW uses a Palo Alto Networks-issued device certificate for authentication before it can send logs to the Strata Logging Service.
Expiration Issues -- If the certificate has expired, the NGFW will be unable to authenticate, causing a disconnection.
Misconfiguration or Revocation -- If the certificate is not properly installed, revoked, or incorrectly assigned, the logging service will reject log forwarding attempts.
Cloud Trust Relationship -- The firewall relies on secure cloud-based authentication, where certificates validate the NGFW's identity before log ingestion.
How to Verify and Fix Certificate Issues
Check Certificate Status
Navigate to Device > Certificates in the NGFW web interface.
Verify the presence of a valid Palo Alto Networks device certificate.
Look for expiration dates and renew if necessary.
Reinstall Certificates
If the certificate is missing or invalid, reinstall it by retrieving the correct device certificate from the Palo Alto Networks Customer Support Portal (CSP).
Ensure Correct Certificate Chain
Verify that the correct root CA certificate is installed and trusted by the firewall.
Confirm Connectivity to Strata Logging Service
Ensure that outbound connections to the logging service are not blocked due to misconfigured security policies, firewalls, or proxies.
Other Answer Choices Analysis
(B) Decryption Profile -- SSL/TLS decryption settings affect traffic inspection but have no impact on log forwarding.
(C) Auth Codes -- Authentication codes are used during the initial device registration with Strata Logging Service but do not impact ongoing log forwarding.
(D) Software Warranty -- The firewall's warranty does not influence log forwarding; however, an active support license is required for continuous access to Strata Logging Service.
Reference and Justification:
Firewall Deployment -- Certificates are fundamental to secure NGFW cloud communication.
Security Policies -- Proper authentication ensures logs are securely transmitted.
Threat Prevention & WildFire -- Logging failures could impact threat visibility and WildFire analysis.
Panorama -- Uses the same authentication mechanisms for centralized logging.
Zero Trust Architectures -- Requires strict identity verification, including valid certificates.
Thus, Device Certificates (A) is the correct answer, as log forwarding depends on a valid, authenticated certificate to establish connectivity with Strata Logging Service.
Why would an enterprise architect use a Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) connector instead of a service connection for private application access?
A Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) connector is used instead of a service connection for private application access because it provides automatic application discovery and policy enforcement.
Why is ZTNA Connector the Right Choice?
Discovers Private Applications
The ZTNA connector automatically identifies previously unknown or unmanaged private applications running in a data center or cloud environment.
Suggests Security Policy Rules
After discovering applications, it suggests appropriate security policies to control user access, ensuring Zero Trust principles are followed.
Granular Access Control
It enforces least-privilege access and applies identity-based security policies for private applications.
Other Answer Choices Analysis
(A) Controls traffic from the mobile endpoint to any of the organization's internal resources
This describes ZTNA enforcement, but does not explain why a ZTNA connector is preferred over a service connection.
(B) Functions as the attachment point for IPsec-based connections to remote site or branch networks
This describes a service connection, which is different from a ZTNA connector.
(C) Supports traffic sourced from on-premises or public cloud-based resources to mobile users and remote networks
This aligns more with Prisma Access service connections, not ZTNA connectors.
Reference and Justification:
Zero Trust Architectures -- ZTNA ensures that private applications are discovered, classified, and protected.
Firewall Deployment & Security Policies -- ZTNA connectors automate private application security.
Threat Prevention & WildFire -- Provides additional security layers for private apps.
Thus, ZTNA Connector (D) is the correct answer, as it automatically discovers private applications and suggests security policy rules for them.
Which two policies in Strata Cloud Manager (SCM) will ensure the personal data of employees remains private while enabling decryption for mobile users in Prisma Access? (Choose two.)
In Strata Cloud Manager (SCM), policies need to balance privacy while ensuring secure decryption for mobile users in Prisma Access. The correct approach involves:
SSL Forward Proxy (C) -- Enables decryption of outbound SSL traffic, allowing security inspection while ensuring unauthorized data does not leave the network.
No Decryption (D) -- Excludes personal data from being decrypted, ensuring compliance with privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA) and protecting sensitive employee information.
Why These Two Policies?
SSL Forward Proxy (C)
Decrypts outbound SSL traffic from mobile users.
Inspects traffic for malware, data exfiltration, and compliance violations.
Ensures corporate security policies are enforced on user traffic.
No Decryption (D)
Ensures privacy-sensitive traffic (e.g., online banking, healthcare portals) remains untouched.
Exclusions can be defined based on categories, user groups, or destinations.
Helps maintain regulatory compliance while still securing other traffic.
Other Answer Choices Analysis
(A) SSH Decryption -- Not relevant in this context, as SSH traffic is typically used for administrative access rather than mobile user web browsing.
(B) SSL Inbound Inspection -- Used for inbound traffic to company-hosted servers, not for securing outbound traffic from mobile users.
Reference and Justification:
Firewall Deployment -- SSL Forward Proxy enables traffic visibility, No Decryption protects privacy.
Security Policies -- Defines what traffic should or should not be decrypted.
Threat Prevention & WildFire -- Decryption helps detect hidden threats while excluding sensitive personal data.
Zero Trust Architectures -- Ensures least-privilege access while maintaining privacy compliance.
Thus, SSL Forward Proxy (C) and No Decryption (D) are the correct answers, as they balance security and privacy for mobile users in Prisma Access.
Which two tools can be used to configure Cloud NGFWs for AWS? (Choose two.)
Cloud NGFW for AWS is a managed next-generation firewall service provided by Palo Alto Networks, designed to secure AWS environments. It can be configured using two primary tools:
Cloud Service Provider's Management Console (AWS Console) --
AWS users can deploy and manage Cloud NGFW for AWS directly from the AWS Marketplace or AWS Management Console.
The AWS console allows integration with AWS native services, such as VPCs, security groups, and IAM policies.
Panorama --
Panorama provides centralized policy and configuration management for Cloud NGFW instances deployed across AWS.
It enables consistent security policy enforcement, log aggregation, and seamless integration with on-premises and multi-cloud firewalls.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect?
A . Cortex XSIAM
Incorrect, because Cortex XSIAM is an AI-driven security operations platform, not a tool for Cloud NGFW configuration.
It focuses on SOC automation, threat detection, and response rather than firewall policy management.
C . Prisma Cloud Management Console
Incorrect, because Prisma Cloud is designed for cloud security posture management (CSPM) and compliance.
While Prisma Cloud monitors security risks in AWS, it does not configure or manage Cloud NGFW policies.
Reference to Firewall Deployment and Security Features:
Firewall Deployment -- Cloud NGFW integrates with AWS network architecture.
Security Policies -- Panorama enforces security policies across AWS workloads.
VPN Configurations -- Cloud NGFW supports AWS-based VPN traffic inspection.
Threat Prevention -- Protects AWS workloads from malware, exploits, and network threats.
WildFire Integration -- Detects unknown threats within AWS environments.
Zero Trust Architectures -- Secures AWS cloud workloads using Zero Trust principles.
Thus, the correct answers are: B. Cloud service provider's management console D. Panorama
