OMSB OMSB_OEN Practice Exam Questions & Answers

Caregiver stress is a significant factor that can lead to the abuse of older adults. Caring for elderly individuals, especially those with complex health needs, can be physically and emotionally demanding, leading to burnout and stress in caregivers. This stress can manifest as abusive behavior towards the elderly. Exploitation, while a form of elder abuse, is not the most common; physical and emotional abuse are more prevalent. Most cases of elder abuse go unreported, and health care providers are mandated to report suspected, not just verified, cases of elder abuse.

The student is most likely suffering from hypochondriasis, which is now referred to as illness anxiety disorder in the DSM-5. This condition is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with having a serious illness despite medical reassurance and the absence of significant medical findings. The key features in this scenario are the student's high absenteeism, frequent complaints of gastrointestinal symptoms, and persistent belief in having a terminal illness despite normal test results. Hypochondriasis involves misinterpreting normal bodily sensations as signs of severe illness and seeking repeated medical evaluations.

Ensuring that staff perform Basic Life Support (BLS) according to the latest American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines involves several strategies, but performing regular mock drills is the best approach.

Reviewing the BLS Policy Periodically: While this is important, it alone does not ensure that staff are up-to-date or proficient in BLS techniques.

Performing Regular Mocks on BLS in the Unit: Regular mock drills provide hands-on practice and allow staff to apply the latest guidelines in a simulated environment. This helps in retaining skills and identifying any gaps in knowledge or performance.

Sending Staff to Renew BLS Certification Every Three Years: Certification renewal is necessary, but practical skills can degrade over time if not regularly practiced.

Monitoring the Staff Performing BLS During the Actual Scene: This is reactive rather than proactive and does not provide an opportunity for practice and improvement without the pressure of a real-life situation.

American Heart Association (AHA): Guidelines for CPR and ECC

National Institutes of Health (NIH): Effective Training Strategies in Healthcare

The initial step in the Moral Decision-Making Model is to recognize that there is an ethical issue. This step involves acknowledging the conflict between the family's request and the nurse's professional and ethical obligation to the patient. Once the ethical issue is identified, the nurse can proceed with the subsequent steps, including identifying stakeholders, goals, alternatives, and making a decision based on ethical principles.

A history of chlamydial infection is a significant risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. Chlamydia can cause scarring and damage to the fallopian tubes, increasing the likelihood of a fertilized egg implanting outside the uterus. Oral contraceptive usage generally reduces the risk of ectopic pregnancy. The frequency of sexual activity and history of urinary tract infections are not directly related to the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Identifying and understanding these risk factors is essential for appropriate management and prevention strategies.

In a chest physical assessment of a client with asthma, the nurse expects to hear wheezes.

Wheezes: These are high-pitched, musical sounds heard during expiration (and sometimes inspiration) caused by narrowing or obstruction of the airways.

Stridor: This is a high-pitched sound usually heard on inspiration, typically associated with upper airway obstruction, not asthma.

Crackles: These are popping sounds heard during inspiration, often associated with conditions like pneumonia or heart failure, not typical for asthma.

Diminished Lung Sounds: This can occur in severe asthma but is less common compared to wheezes.

American Thoracic Society: Asthma Diagnosis and Monitoring

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID): Asthma Symptoms and Diagnosis

Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic medication that can cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as muscle spasms and tremors. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication often prescribed to manage these side effects.

If a client on chlorpromazine develops muscle spasms and tremors, it indicates EPS, and administering Benztropine would help alleviate these symptoms. The other options, such as severe agitation, sore throat, or suicidal thoughts, are not directly related to the need for Benztropine.

Stahl, S. M. (2013). Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications. Cambridge University Press.