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A new gallery is being built and requires shading elements to protect the light-sensitive artwork on display.
Which of the following are design criteria relevant to the design of shading components on the west facade of the new gallery? Check the three that apply.
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
For shading design on west facades:
Height of the wall (A): Determines the scale and proportion of shading devices.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of glazing (C): Influences how much solar radiation passes through windows.
Spacing and depth of vertical louvers (D): Controls shading effectiveness against low-angle afternoon sun.
Low-E glazing (E) helps but is glazing performance, not shading design.
Annual temperature (B) is climatic but less directly relevant.
Adjacent building heights (F) influence shading from surroundings but are secondary.
ARE 5.0 PPD -- Environmental Conditions and Context, Solar Control
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition -- Sustainable Design
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An elementary school requires a renovation, selective demolition, and a major addition in order to accommodate a growing student population. An architectural firm has prepared schematic design plans incorporating the school's increased programmatic needs, including an enlarged library, cafeteria, and gymnasium; a secure courtyard; and additional space for administrative offices and classrooms. The main entrance was relocated in order to improve the traffic and pedestrian flow at the beginning and end of the school day, and additional parking was provided to comply with current zoning requirements.
The existing single-story masonry building was built in 1950. Two small additions were built later: the north addition will be kept and repurposed, but the south addition will be demolished. The building contains asbestos and lead in roof soffits, floor tiles, pipe insulation, and window paint. All existing mechanical systems need to be replaced; new systems have not been selected.
Considerations for the renovation include:
The relocated front entrance must be easily recognizable, highly visible, and secure.
Interior and exterior materials need to be durable and maintainable in order to withstand frequent student abuse, but also economical due to strict budget limitations.
Good indoor air quality and increased energy efficiency are priorities for the selection of mechanical equipment.
After completion, the entire school should look uniform, without a distinctive difference between the existing building and new addition.
Building information:
Construction Type is II-B.
The following resources are available for your reference:
Existing Plans, including site and floor plans
Proposed Plans, including site and floor plans
Cost Analysis
Zoning Ordinance Excerpts, for off-street parking requirements
IBC Excerpts, showing relevant code sections
ADA Standards Excerpts, showing relevant sections from the ADA Standards for Accessible Design
Which of the following is the maximum height the platform can be above the gymnasium floor per the proposed design?
Per building and accessibility codes (such as ADA and IBC), raised platforms or stages in assembly areas like gymnasiums are limited in height to ensure safe access and egress. A maximum height of 1 foot 6 inches (18 inches) without requiring additional stairs or ramps is common to allow easy transition and avoid additional egress requirements.
Heights above 18 inches typically require stairs or ramps per ADA.
1'-9' or 2'-6' exceed these limits and would trigger additional code requirements.
IBC Chapter 10 -- Means of Egress
ADA Standards for Accessible Design
ARE 5.0 PPD -- Codes and Regulations
An elementary school requires a renovation, selective demolition, and a major addition in order to accommodate a growing student population. An architectural firm has prepared schematic design plans incorporating the school's increased programmatic needs, including an enlarged library, cafeteria, and gymnasium; a secure courtyard; and additional space for administrative offices and classrooms. The main entrance was relocated in order to improve the traffic and pedestrian flow at the beginning and end of the school day, and additional parking was provided to comply with current zoning requirements.
The existing single-story masonry building was built in 1950. Two small additions were built later: the north addition will be kept and repurposed, but the south addition will be demolished. The building contains asbestos and lead in roof soffits, floor tiles, pipe insulation, and window paint. All existing mechanical systems need to be replaced; new systems have not been selected.
Considerations for the renovation include:
The relocated front entrance must be easily recognizable, highly visible, and secure.
Interior and exterior materials need to be durable and maintainable in order to withstand frequent student abuse, but also economical due to strict budget limitations.
Good indoor air quality and increased energy efficiency are priorities for the selection of mechanical equipment.
After completion, the entire school should look uniform, without a distinctive difference between the existing building and new addition.
Building information:
Construction Type is II-B.
The following resources are available for your reference:
Existing Plans, including site and floor plans
Proposed Plans, including site and floor plans
Cost Analysis
Zoning Ordinance Excerpts, for off-street parking requirements
IBC Excerpts, showing relevant code sections
ADA Standards Excerpts, showing relevant sections from the ADA Standards for Accessible Design
When the addition is completed, the school will be fully sprinkled per NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems requirements, with a continuous 24-foot wide fire access lane provided around the building perimeter.
Through a code analysis, the combination of construction type, occupancy, and building area present a compliance problem.
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
When a building's size and occupancy cause non-compliance with allowable building area or frontage requirements, the architect should first check frontage area increase provisions allowed by the code. The frontage increase can allow a larger building area based on the length of street frontage and fire access, especially when sprinklers and fire lanes are provided.
Adding firewalls (A) is a method to subdivide building area but is typically considered after exploring frontage increases.
Reducing building area (C) is a last resort if other allowances are insufficient.
Therefore, the architect should first verify if frontage area increases resolve the compliance issue.
IBC Chapter 5 -- Building Area and Height Limits
NFPA 13 -- Sprinkler System Requirements
ARE 5.0 PPD -- Codes and Regulations
An architect has just received client approval of the Schematic Design documents for a three-story, outpatient medical clinic. The clinic is located within a mixed-use development governed by
a City-approved Planned Development (PD) document. The medical clinic design utilizes standardized departmental layouts and includes outpatient clinics, as well as treatment spaces,
administrative spaces and public/lobby spaces.
The site needs to accommodate four different vehicular traffic flows: patient traffic, staff traffic, service and delivery traffic, and emergency services traffic. In addition, a pedestrian plaza
must connect to the mixed-use development sidewalks. The plaza must provide space for bicycle parking and will serve as the future bus stop.
The site design addresses several challenges related to building orientation. The southeast facade, with excellent visibility from the highway, is the location of all service equipment. The
building entrance faces northwest, convenient to the parking but not visible from the highway.
The client believes future patient volumes will outgrow the clinic. The PD document allows for a planned Phase 2 development on the adjacent vacant site to the southwest. Phase 2 would
include a second building (2 story, 80,000 BGSF) and/or a parking deck.
Other considerations for the project include:
Protected tree requirements are defined in the PD document.
Easy pedestrian access must be provided from Sycamore Boulevard.
All required parking for the clinic must be accommodated on site.
Programmed area includes 109,450 Departmental Gross Square Feet (DGSF) / 130,184 Building Gross Square Feet (BGSF).
Exterior material percentages are dictated by the PD document and shall not exceed specific percentages for Primary and Secondary Finishes.
All service equipment needs to be screened; see PD document for restrictions.
Signage opportunities are important to the client.
Acoustical privacy is a concern of the healthcare system.
The following resources are available for your reference:
Drawings, including a perspective, plans, and exterior elevations
Building Program, including client's departmental program and detailed program for Treatment 01 (Infusion)
Exterior Material Cost Comparisons
Planned Development Document
IBC Excerpts, showing relevant code sections
ADA Excerpts, showing relevant sections from the ADA Standards for Accessible Design
Which of the following design solutions best addresses the client's concerns related to building orientation, vehicular circulation, and future expansion?
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract: The design must balance client priorities, regulatory requirements, and site conditions:
Vehicular Circulation: Separating traffic flows by function reduces conflicts and improves safety---patients, staff, deliveries, and emergency vehicles each require distinct circulation paths.
Building Orientation: The main entrance facing northwest towards parking prioritizes user convenience, even if this orientation has less highway visibility. The southeast facade, visible from the highway, is dedicated to service equipment screened per PD document restrictions.
Pedestrian Plaza: Providing a pedestrian plaza connected to mixed-use development sidewalks, with bicycle parking and bus stop, aligns with site accessibility and transit integration goals.
Future Expansion: Positioning the site elements to accommodate Phase 2 on the adjacent southwest vacant site facilitates growth without major disruption.
Screening and Material Use: Service equipment screening and adherence to PD exterior material percentages maintain design compliance.
Acoustical Privacy: The layout supports departmental adjacency and separation for privacy, crucial in healthcare design.
Option B best addresses these concerns and reflects the project's functional, regulatory, and contextual needs as outlined in NCARB ARE 5.0 Project Integration and Site Planning content.
ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design Content Outline: Project Integration of Program and Systems --- Site Planning and Circulation
City-approved Planned Development Document
ADA Standards for Accessible Design
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition, Chapters 6 and 7 on Site Design and Program Integration
Which exterior elements control daylighting? Check the three that apply.
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Exterior shading devices control daylight penetration and solar heat gain:
Roof overhangs (A) shade upper window areas and reduce direct sunlight in summer.
Horizontal louvers (C) block high-angle summer sun but allow low-angle winter sun.
Vertical louvers (E) control low-angle sun from east/west directions and reduce glare.
Horizontal girts (B) and spandrel panels (D) are structural or opaque elements, not designed for daylight control.
Parapet walls (F) can shade roof edges but are not primary daylight controls.
ARE 5.0 PPD -- Environmental Conditions and Context, Daylighting and Solar Control
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition -- Sustainable Design
