Free IAPP CIPM Exam Actual Questions

The questions for CIPM were last updated On Jun 13, 2025

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Question No. 1

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next QUESTION:

Ben works in the IT department of IgNight, Inc., a company that designs lighting solutions for its clients. Although IgNight's customer base consists primarily of offices in the US, some individuals have been so impressed by the unique aesthetic and energy-saving design of the light fixtures that they have requested IgNight's installations in their homes across the globe.

One Sunday morning, while using his work laptop to purchase tickets for an upcoming music festival, Ben happens to notice some unusual user activity on company files. From a cursory review, all the data still appears to be where it is meant to be but he can't shake off the feeling that something is not right. He knows that it is a possibility that this could be a colleague performing unscheduled maintenance, but he recalls an email from his company's security team reminding employees to be on alert for attacks from a known group of malicious actors specifically targeting the industry.

Ben is a diligent employee and wants to make sure that he protects the company but he does not want to bother his hard-working colleagues on the weekend. He is going to discuss the matter with this manager first thing in the morning but wants to be prepared so he can demonstrate his knowledge in this area and plead his case for a promotion.

If this were a data breach, how is it likely to be categorized?

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Correct Answer: C

If this were a data breach, it is likely to be categorized as a confidentiality breach. A confidentiality breach is a type of data breach that involves unauthorized or accidental disclosure of or access to personal data. A confidentiality breach violates the principle of confidentiality, which requires that personal data is protected from unauthorized or unlawful use or disclosure. A confidentiality breach can occur when personal data is exposed to unauthorized parties, such as hackers, competitors, or third parties without consent. A confidentiality breach can also occur when personal data is sent to incorrect recipients, such as by email or mail.

The other options are not likely to be the correct category for this data breach. An availability breach is a type of data breach that involves accidental or unauthorized loss of access to or destruction of personal data. An availability breach violates the principle of availability, which requires that personal data is accessible and usable by authorized parties when needed. An availability breach can occur when personal data is deleted, corrupted, encrypted, or otherwise rendered inaccessible by malicious actors or technical errors. An authenticity breach is a type of data breach that involves unauthorized or accidental alteration of personal data. An authenticity breach violates the principle of authenticity, which requires that personal data is accurate and up to date. An authenticity breach can occur when personal data is modified, tampered with, or falsified by malicious actors or human errors. An integrity breach is a type of data breach that involves unauthorized or accidental alteration of personal data that affects its quality or reliability. An integrity breach violates the principle of integrity, which requires that personal data is complete and consistent with its intended purpose. An integrity breach can occur when personal data is incomplete, inconsistent, outdated, or inaccurate due to malicious actors or human errors.Reference:Personal Data Breaches: A Guide;Guidance on the Categorisation and Notification of Personal Data Breaches


Question No. 2

An organization's privacy officer was just notified by the benefits manager that she accidentally sent out the retirement enrollment report of all employees to a wrong vendor.

Which of the following actions should the privacy officer take first?

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Correct Answer: A

The first action that the privacy officer should take after being notified by the benefits manager that she accidentally sent out the retirement enrollment report of all employees to a wrong vendor is to perform a risk of harm analysis.A risk of harm analysis is a process of assessing the potential adverse consequences for the individuals whose personal data has been compromised by a data breach or incident5The purpose of this analysis is to determine whether the breach or incident poses a significant risk of harm to the affected individuals, such as identity theft, fraud, discrimination, physical harm, emotional distress, or reputational damage6The risk of harm analysis should consider various factors, such as the type and amount of data involved, the sensitivity and context of the data, the likelihood and severity of harm, the characteristics of the recipients or unauthorized parties who accessed the data, and the mitigating measures taken or available to reduce the harm7Based on this analysis, the privacy officer can then decide whether to notify the affected individuals, the relevant authorities, or other stakeholders about the breach or incident.Notification is usually required by law or best practice when there is a high risk of harm to the individuals as a result of the breach or incident8Notification can also help to mitigate the harm by allowing the individuals to take protective actions or seek remedies.Therefore, performing a risk of harm analysis is a crucial first step for responding to a data breach or incident.Reference:5:Can a risk of harm itself be a harm? | Analysis | Oxford Academic;6:No Harm Done? Assessing Risk of Harm under the Federal Breach Notification Rule;7:CCOHS: Hazard and Risk - Risk Assessment;8: Breach Notification Requirements in Canada | PrivacySense.net


Question No. 4

What is the main function of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Privacy Framework?

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Question No. 5

Which of the following is the most likely way an independent privacy organization might work to promote sound privacy practices?

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Correct Answer: A

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Independent privacy organizations, such as IAPP, NIST, or ISO, typically develop principles for self-regulation to guide organizations in maintaining privacy best practices.

Self-regulation (Option A) allows industries to establish privacy frameworks and ethical guidelines that align with global privacy regulations like GDPR, CCPA, and ISO/IEC 27701.

Enacting new legislation (Option B) is typically done by governments or regulatory bodies, not independent organizations.

Completing on-site audits (Option C) is more often performed by regulatory authorities or internal compliance teams.

Issuing penalties (Option D) is a function of government enforcement agencies, not independent privacy groups.


CIPM Official Textbook, Module: Privacy Governance -- Section on Industry Standards and Self-Regulation in Privacy Programs.