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Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a real-time debug.
Which statement about this output is true?
The exhibit displays the output of a real-time debug of the URL filtering process on a FortiGate device. The debug output includes various details about a web request being processed.
SNI (Server Name Indication): This is part of the SSL/TLS handshake where the client specifies the hostname it is trying to connect to. FortiGate can use this information to apply appropriate web filtering rules based on the server name.
CN (Common Name): This is a field in the server's SSL certificate that typically contains the server's hostname. FortiGate can extract this information to verify the identity of the server and apply security policies accordingly.
Given that the debug output includes the hostname 'training.fortinet.com,' it is likely derived from the SNI in the client's request or the CN in the server's certificate, indicating that FortiGate is using this information to process the web request.
Fortinet Community Documentation on Real-time Debugging
Refer to the exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial output of the fssod daemon real-time debug command
What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
Logon Event on Collector Agent: The debug output indicates that the logon event is recorded, showing that the collector agent on Windows is logging user activities and transmitting this data to the FortiGate.
DC Agent Mode: The presence of detailed logon events and their corresponding metadata, such as the domain and workstation information, suggests that the FortiGate is using DC agent mode. This mode involves an agent installed on the Domain Controller (DC) to capture and forward logon events.
Which statement about IKE and IKE NAT-T is true?
IKE (Internet Key Exchange): IKE is a protocol used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite. It is utilized to negotiate, create, and manage SAs.
NAT-T (Network Address Translation-Traversal): NAT-T is used to enable IPsec VPN traffic to pass through NAT devices. It encapsulates IPsec ESP packets into UDP packets.
Transport Protocol: Both IKE and IKE NAT-T use UDP as their transport protocol.
Port Numbers: By default, IKE uses UDP port 500. NAT-T typically uses UDP port 4500. However, these port numbers can be configured as needed.
Fortinet Network Security Support Engineer Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2 (Fortinet Docs) (ebin.pub).
Fortinet Documentation on IPsec VPN Configuration (Fortinet Docs).
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of a diagnose command.
Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Remote Gateway IP:
The output shows 10.200.5.1 as the remote gateway IP, confirming that this is the IP address of the remote gateway involved in the IPsec VPN tunnel.
Quick Mode Selectors:
The quick mode selectors specify the subnets involved in the VPN. The output shows src: 0:10.1.2.0/255.255.255.0:0 and dst: 0:10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0:0, indicating the subnets being tunneled.
DPD (Dead Peer Detection):
DPD is shown as mode=on-demand on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=0, indicating that DPD is enabled in on-demand mode.
Anti-replay:
The output includes replaywin=2048 and replaywin_lastseq=00000000, which are indicators that anti-replay protection is enabled for the IPsec tunnel.
Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
VPN Configuration and Diagnostic Guides
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a BGP debug command.
Which statement explains why the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer is Connect?
The BGP summary output shows the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer as 'Connect.' This state indicates that the local router has attempted to initiate a BGP session with the peer, but the peer has not yet responded to the initial connection request.
State Explanation: The 'Connect' state in BGP indicates that the TCP connection has been initiated but is waiting for a response. If the peer does not respond within the configured timers, the session will transition to the 'Active' state and retry the connection.
Possible Causes: This can occur due to network issues preventing the peer from responding, a misconfiguration on the peer device, or issues like access control lists (ACLs) blocking the BGP traffic.
To troubleshoot, check the connectivity between the routers, ensure that the BGP configurations on both sides match, and verify that there are no firewalls or ACLs blocking the BGP packets.
Fortinet Documentation on BGP Troubleshooting
Fortinet Community Discussion on BGP State Issues
