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In a tech organization's cloud environment, an adversary can rent thousands of VM instances for launching a DDoS attack. The criminal can also keep secret documents such as terrorist and illegal money transfer docs in the cloud storage. In such a situation, when a forensic investigation is initiated, it involves several stakeholders (government members, industry partners, third-parties, and law enforcement). In this scenario, who acts as the first responder for the security issue on the cloud?
In the event of a security issue on the cloud, such as a DDoS attack or illegal activities, Incident Handlers are typically the first responders. Their role is to manage the initial response to the incident, which includes identifying, assessing, and mitigating the threat to reduce damage and recover from the attack.
Here's the role of Incident Handlers as first responders:
Incident Identification: They quickly identify the nature and scope of the incident.
Initial Response: Incident Handlers take immediate action to contain and control the situation to prevent further damage.
Communication: They communicate with internal stakeholders and may coordinate with external parties like law enforcement if necessary.
Evidence Preservation: Incident Handlers work to preserve evidence for forensic analysis and legal proceedings.
Recovery and Documentation: They assist in the recovery process and document all actions taken for future reference and analysis.
Industry best practices on incident response, highlighting the role of Incident Handlers as first responders.
Guidelines from cybersecurity frameworks outlining the responsibilities of Incident Handlers during a cloud security incident.
Rick Warren has been working as a cloud security engineer in an IT company for the past 4 years. Owing to the robust security features and various cost-effective services offered by AWS, in 2010, his organization migrated to the AWS cloud environment. While inspecting the intrusion detection system, Rick detected a security incident. Which of the following AWS services collects logs from various data sources and stores them on a centralized location as logs files that can be used during forensic investigation in the event of a security incident?
Amazon CloudTrail is a service that provides event history of your AWS account activity, including actions taken through the AWS Management Console, AWS SDKs, command line tools, and other AWS services. This event history simplifies security analysis, resource change tracking, and troubleshooting. In the context of forensic investigation, CloudTrail plays a crucial role:
Event Logging: CloudTrail collects logs from various AWS services and resources, recording every API call and user activity that alters the AWS environment.
Centralized Storage: It aggregates the logs and stores them in a centralized location, which can be an Amazon S3 bucket.
Forensic Investigation: The logs stored by CloudTrail are detailed and include information about the user, the time of the API call, the source IP address, and the response elements returned by the AWS service. This makes it an invaluable tool for forensic investigations.
Security Monitoring: CloudTrail logs can be continuously monitored and analyzed for suspicious activity, which is essential for detecting security incidents.
Compliance: The service helps with compliance audits by providing a history of changes in the AWS environment.
An AWS blog post discussing the importance of CloudTrail logs in security incident investigations2.
A third-party article explaining how CloudTrail is used for forensic analysis in AWS environments3.
Jordon Bridges works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. His organization uses Google cloud-based services (GC) because Google cloud provides robust security services, better pricing than competitors, improved performance, and redundant backup. Using IAM security configuration, Jordon implemented the principle of least privilege. A GC IAM member could be a Google account, service account, Google group, G Suite, or cloud identity domain with an identity to access Google cloud resources. Which of the following identities is used by GC IAM members to access Google cloud resources?
Georgia Lyman works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. Her organization uses cloud-based services. Its virtualized networks and associated virtualized resources encountered certain capacity limitations that affected the data transfer performance and virtual server communication. How can Georgia eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds imposed on a virtual server by its virtualized environment?
Virtual servers can face performance limitations due to the overhead introduced by the hypervisor in a virtualized environment. To improve data transfer performance and communication between virtual servers, Georgia can eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds by allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and directly access the I/O card of the physical server. This technique is known as Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV), which allows virtual machines to directly access network interfaces, thereby reducing latency and improving throughput.
Understanding SR-IOV: SR-IOV enables a network interface card (NIC) to appear as multiple separate physical devices to the virtual machines, allowing them to bypass the hypervisor.
Performance Benefits: By bypassing the hypervisor, the virtual server can achieve near-native performance for network I/O, eliminating bottlenecks and improving data transfer rates.
Implementation: This requires hardware support for SR-IOV and appropriate configuration in the hypervisor and virtual machines.
Reference
VMware SR-IOV
Intel SR-IOV Overview
Chris Noth has been working as a senior cloud security engineer in CloudAppSec Private Ltd. His organization has selected a DRaaS (Disaster Recovery as a Service) company to provide a disaster recovery site that is fault tolerant and consists of fully redundant equipment with network connectivity and real-time data synchronization. Thus, if a disaster strikes Chris' organization, failover can be performed to the disaster recovery site with minimal downtime and zero data loss. Based on the given information, which disaster recovery site is provided by the DRaaS company to Chris' organization?
