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After deploying a new application on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), a security engineer discovers that an unauthorized entity has been accessing the application's backend services. Which of the following measures should the engineer take first to address this security incident?
Unauthorized access to backend services in a cloud environment most commonly results from overly permissive identity and access management (IAM) configurations. The ECIH cloud incident handling guidance emphasizes that identity controls are the primary security boundary in cloud platforms.
Option A is correct because reviewing and tightening IAM roles immediately reduces the attack surface and revokes excessive privileges that may be exploited. This action directly addresses the root cause of unauthorized access.
Option D is a strong additional control but should be applied after correcting IAM misconfigurations. Option B improves future detection but does not contain the current incident. Option C is disruptive and unnecessary as a first response.
Therefore, IAM review and privilege tightening is the correct first measure, consistent with ECIH best practices.
Malicious Micky has moved from the delivery stage to the exploitation stage of the kill chain. This malware wants to find and report to the command center any useful services on the system. Which of the following recon attacks is the MOST LIKELY to provide this information?
When malware moves from the delivery stage to the exploitation stage in the cyber kill chain, its objective often shifts to identifying exploitable vulnerabilities within the targeted system. A port scan is a technique used to discover services that are listening on ports within a system. By scanning the system's ports, the malware can identify open ports and the services running on them, providing valuable information about potential entry points for further exploitation. This type of reconnaissance attack is aimed at gathering intelligence on the target system's network services, which can then be reported back to a command and control center for further malicious activity planning.
Port scanning is more relevant than IP range sweeps, packet sniffing, or session hijacking for identifying useful services on a system because it directly targets the discovery of accessible network services and their corresponding ports. While the other methods can also be part of the reconnaissance phase, they serve different purposes: IP range sweeps aim to identify active IP addresses, packet sniffing intercepts data packets to gather information, and session hijacking involves taking over a valid user session. In contrast, port scanning is specifically designed to enumerate services that could be exploited.
Which of the following is a technique used by attackers to make a message difficult to understand through the use of ambiguous language?
Obfuscation is a technique used to make data or code difficult to understand. It is often employed by attackers to conceal the true intent of their code or communications, making it harder for security professionals, automated tools, and others to analyze or detect malicious activity. Obfuscation can involve the use of ambiguous or misleading language, as well as more technical methods such as encoding, encryption, or the use of nonsensical variable names in source code to hide its true functionality.
An organization named Sam Morison Inc. decided to use cloud-based services to reduce the cost of their maintenance. They first identified various risks and threats associated with cloud .. adoption and migrating critical business data to third-party systems. Hence, the organization decided to deploy cloud-based security tools to prevent upcoming threats. Which of the following tools would help the organization to secure cloud resources and services?
Identify the network security incident where intended or authorized users are prevented from using system, network, or applications by flooding the network with a
high volume of traffic that consumes all existing network resources.
A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack is characterized by flooding the network with a high volume of traffic to consume all available network resources, preventing intended or authorized users from accessing system, network, or applications. This type of attack aims to overwhelm the target's capacity to handle incoming requests, causing a denial of access to legitimate users. Unlike XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attacks, URL manipulation, or SQL injection, which exploit vulnerabilities in web applications for unauthorized data access or manipulation, a DoS attack specifically targets the availability of services.
