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Ikeo Corp, hired an incident response team to assess the enterprise security. As part of the incident handling and response process, the IR team is reviewing the current security policies implemented by the enterprise. The IR team finds that employees of the organization do not have any restrictions on Internet access: they are allowed to visit any site, download any application, and access a computer or network from a remote location. Considering this as the main security threat, the IR team plans to change this policy as it can be easily exploited by attackers. Which of the following security policies is the IR team planning to modify?
A permissive security policy is one that allows employees broad freedoms in terms of internet access, application downloads, and remote access capabilities. In the scenario described, the incident response team identifies that the lack of restrictions is a significant security threat that could be exploited by attackers, indicating that the current policy is permissive. Modifying this policy would involve implementing more stringent controls on what sites can be visited, what applications can be downloaded, and how remote access is granted, moving towards a more controlled and secure environment. This approach contrasts with paranoic, prudent, and promiscuous policies, each of which has its own characteristics and applications in cybersecurity frameworks. Reference: The ECIH v3 certification materials often discuss security policies within the context of organizational security posture, emphasizing how varying degrees of restrictiveness impact security and risk.
Which of the following is a type of malicious code or software that appears legitimate but can take control of your computer?
A Trojan attack involves a type of malicious code or software that appears legitimate but can take control of your computer. Trojans often disguise themselves as legitimate software or are hidden within legitimate software that has been tampered with. They differ from viruses and worms because they do not replicate. However, once activated, Trojans can enable cyber-criminals to spy on you, steal your sensitive data, and gain backdoor access to your system. This can include unauthorized actions such as deleting files, monitoring user activities, or installing additional malicious software.
Andrew, an incident responder, is performing risk assessment of the client organization.
As a part of risk assessment process, he identified the boundaries of the IT systems,
along with the resources and the information that constitute the systems.
Identify the risk assessment step Andrew is performing.
In the risk assessment process, 'System characterization' is the initial step where the scope of the assessment is defined. This involves identifying and documenting the boundaries of the IT systems under review, the resources (hardware, software, data, and personnel) that constitute these systems, and any relevant information about their operation and environment. This foundational step is essential for understanding what needs to be protected and forms the basis for subsequent analysis, including identifying vulnerabilities, assessing potential threats, and determining the impact of risks to the organization.
Adam is an incident handler who intends to use DBCC LOG command to analyze a database and retrieve the active transaction log files for the specified database. The syntax of DBCC LOG command is DBCC LOG(, ), where the output parameter specifies the level of information an incident handler wants to retrieve. If Adam wants to retrieve the full information on each operation along with the hex dump of a current transaction row, which of the following output parameters should Adam use?
The DBCC LOG command is used in SQL Server environments to analyze the transaction log files of a database. It provides insights into the transactions that have occurred, which is crucial for forensic analysis in the event of an incident. The syntax DBCC LOG(<database_name>, <output_level>) allows an incident handler to specify the level of detail they wish to retrieve from the log files. When an incident handler like Adam requires the full information on each operation along with the hex dump of the current transaction row, the output parameter should be set to 4. This level of output is the most verbose, providing comprehensive details about each transaction, including a hex dump which is essential for a deep forensic analysis. It helps in understanding the exact changes made by transactions, which can be pivotal in investigating incidents involving data manipulation or other unauthorized database activities.
Which of the following are malicious software programs that infect computers and corrupt or delete the data on them?
Viruses are a type of malicious software program designed to infect legitimate software programs. Once a virus is executed, it can corrupt or delete data on a computer, replicate itself, and spread to other files and systems. Unlike worms, which can spread across networks on their own, viruses usually require some form of user interaction, such as opening an infected email attachment or downloading and executing a malicious file, to propagate. Trojans and spyware, while also malicious software, serve different malicious purposes, such as creating backdoors for attackers (Trojans) or spying on users' activities (Spyware). Reference: The Incident Handler (ECIH v3) certification materials categorize various forms of malware and explain their behaviors, impacts, and propagation methods. Viruses are specifically highlighted for their ability to attach to legitimate programs and files, causing damage or data loss upon execution.
