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The most widely used digital certificate standard. First issued July 3, 1988. It is a digital document that contains a public key signed by the trusted third party, which is known as a Certificate Authority, or C
Which of the following algorithms uses three different keys to encrypt the plain text?
3DES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_DES
Triple DES (3DES) has a three different keys with same size (56-bit).
Incorrect answers:
AES. For AES, NIST selected three members of the Rijndael family, each with a block size of 128 bits, but three different key lengths: 128, 192 and 256 bits.
Blowfish. Blowfish has a 64-bit block size and a variable key length from 32 bits up to 448 bits.
Skipjack. Skipjack uses an 80-bit key to encrypt or decrypt 64-bit data blocks.
Which of the following is a fundamental principle of cryptography that holds that the algorithm can be publicly disclosed without damaging security?
Kerkchoff's principle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerckhoffs%27s_principle
Kerckhoffs's principle (also called Kerckhoffs's desideratum, assumption, axiom, doctrine or law) of cryptography was stated by Netherlands born cryptographer Auguste Kerckhoffs in the 19th century: A cryptosystem should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge.
Kerckhoffs's principle was reformulated (or possibly independently formulated) by American mathematician Claude Shannon as 'the enemy knows the system', i.e., 'one ought to design systems under the assumption that the enemy will immediately gain full familiarity with them'. In that form, it is called Shannon's maxim. This concept is widely embraced by cryptographers, in contrast to 'security through obscurity', which is not.
What must occur in order for a cipher to be considered 'broken'?
Finding any method that is more efficient than brute force
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis
Bruce Schneier notes that even computationally impractical attacks can be considered breaks: 'Breaking a cipher simply means finding a weakness in the cipher that can be exploited with a complexity less than brute force.'
Denis is looking at an older system that uses DES encryption. A colleague has told him that DES is insecure due to a small key size. What is the key length used for DES?
56
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DES
The Data Encryption Standard is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of 56 bits makes it too insecure for applications, it has been highly influential in the advancement of cryptography.
