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A company is migrating from a Windows Server to Linux-based servers. A security engineer must deploy a configuration management solution that maintains security software across all the Linux servers. Which of the following configuration file snippets is the most appropriate to use?
The correct snippet is Option A, which shows an Ansible YAML playbook designed to deploy and maintain security software on Linux servers. Ansible is a configuration management tool widely used in enterprise environments, and the ansible.builtin.apt module specifically manages package installation on Debian/Ubuntu-based Linux distributions. This ensures consistent security software deployment across multiple servers.
Option B is XML-based and does not represent a valid configuration management script. Option C incorrectly uses JSON format and Reference Microsoft's store (com.microsoft.store.latest), which is irrelevant for Linux. Option D also uses JSON syntax with ''AppX,'' which applies to Windows applications, not Linux.
CAS-005 emphasizes infrastructure as code (IaC) and automation as best practices for secure system configuration. YAML-based playbooks in Ansible provide repeatability, auditability, and scalability, making Option A the most secure and appropriate solution.
A company was recently infected by malware. During the root cause analysis, the company determined that several users were installing their own applications. To prevent further compromises, the company has decided it will onlyallow authorized applications to run on its systems. Which of the following should the company implement?
To prevent unauthorized applications from running, the company needs a mechanism to explicitly define and enforce which applications are allowed to execute. 'Permit listing' (often referred to as 'whitelisting' in security contexts) is the most effective solution here. It involves creating a list of approved applications, and only those on the list are permitted to run, blocking all others by default. This directly addresses the root cause---users installing unapproved software---by restricting execution to only authorized programs.
Option A (Signing):Code signing ensures the authenticity and integrity of software by verifying it comes from a trusted source and hasn't been tampered with. While useful, it doesn't inherently prevent unauthorized applications from running unless combined with a policy like whitelisting.
Option B (Access control):Access control governs who can access systems or resources but doesn't specifically restrict which applications can execute. It's too broad for this scenario.
Option C (HIPS):A Host-based Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) can detect and block malicious behavior, but it's reactive and relies on signatures or heuristics, not a proactive allow-only approach.
Option D (Permit listing):This is the best fit, as it proactively enforces a policy where only explicitly authorized applications can run, preventing malware introduced by unauthorized software.
Which of the following tests explains why AI output could be inaccurate?
Model poisoning occurs when an attacker manipulates the training data or the training process of an AI model so that its predictions are deliberately inaccurate or biased. In the SecurityX CAS-005 objectives, this is part of understanding emerging technology threats, specifically AI/ML vulnerabilities. This differs from:
Social engineering, which manipulates humans rather than AI models.
Output handling, which deals with how outputs are processed but doesn't cause inaccuracy at the model level.
Prompt injections, which manipulate the model at query time, not during training.Because model poisoning directly corrupts the AI model itself, it is the clearest reason AI outputs could be inaccurate.
An organization would like to increase the effectiveness of its incident response process across its multiplatform environment. A security engineer needs to implement the improvements using the organization's existing incident response tools. Which of the following should the security engineer use?
The correct answer is Playbooks (A). In incident response, playbooks are structured workflows that define step-by-step actions for specific incident types (e.g., ransomware, phishing, insider threats). They allow SOC analysts to standardize responses across multiple platforms and tools, ensuring consistency and faster mitigation. By leveraging playbooks, organizations integrate existing incident response tools into automated or semi-automated processes, improving efficiency and reducing human error.
Option B (event collectors) consolidate logs but do not directly improve response processes. Option C (centralized logging) enhances visibility but does not provide a framework for action. Option D (endpoint detection) expands detection capabilities but does not enhance the process effectiveness of incident response.
CAS-005 emphasizes structured response through automation and orchestration. Playbooks, often implemented via SOAR platforms, allow integration of detection, triage, and remediation steps, making them the most effective way to increase incident response maturity.
A company that uses several cloud applications wants to properly identify:
All the devices potentially affected by a given vulnerability.
All the internal servers utilizing the same physical switch.
The number of endpoints using a particular operating system.Which of the following is the best way to meet the requirements?
The requirements demand detailed asset tracking and inventory management. Let's analyze:
A . SBoM (Software Bill of Materials):Tracks software components, not hardware or network topology.
B . CASB (Cloud Access Security Broker):Secures cloud apps but doesn't map physical switches or OS counts.
C . GRC(Governance, Risk, and Compliance):Focuses on risk management, not detailed asset tracking.