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A company has an Amazon S3 data lake that is governed by AWS Lake Formation. The company wants to create a visualization in Amazon QuickSight by joining the data in the data lake with operational data that is stored in an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. The company wants to enforce column-level authorization so that the company's marketing team can access only a subset of columns in the database.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage a multi-account landing zone. The company requires all users who access AWS accounts in the organization to use a centralized identity system that follows the principle of least privilege for operational tasks. The company currently uses an external identity provider (IdP).
Which combination of solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
AWS recommends using AWS IAM Identity Center (formerly AWS SSO) for centralized authentication and access control across multiple accounts in an AWS Organization, especially when integrating with an external IdP.
From AWS Documentation:
''Use IAM Identity Center to provide centralized access to multiple AWS accounts or applications. You can integrate with an external IdP via SAML 2.0. Assign users permissions through permission sets that define the roles users can assume.''
(Source: AWS IAM Identity Center User Guide)
Why B and E are correct:
E enables centralized identity federation using IAM Identity Center with your external IdP.
B uses permission sets to apply least-privilege access roles to users and groups across accounts, in alignment with the principle of least privilege.
Why others are incorrect:
Option A: IAM users in each account break centralized access model and are hard to manage at scale.
Option C: Managing individual IAM roles and inline policies across accounts is not scalable.
Option D: Per-account SAML providers are redundant when using IAM Identity Center, which provides centralized federation.
AWS IAM Identity Center User Guide
AWS Well-Architected Framework -- Security Pillar
AWS Organizations and Identity Center Integration Docs
A company uses an Amazon CloudFront distribution to serve content pages for its website. The company needs to ensure that clients use a TLS certificate when accessing the company's website. The company wants to automate the creation and renewal of the TLS certificates.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?
AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) issues and automatically renews public TLS certificates used by Amazon CloudFront. With DNS validation, ACM creates CNAME records that prove domain control; once validated, renewals occur automatically without manual approval, providing the lowest operational effort. For CloudFront, ACM certificates must be in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. CloudFront security policies (A) configure protocol/cipher requirements, not certificate issuance. OAC (B) secures origin access and is unrelated to certificate management. Email validation (D) requires mailbox approvals and operational handling at issuance/renewal, which is less efficient than DNS validation. Thus, ACM with DNS validation delivers automated creation and renewal with minimal overhead.
A company hosts a website on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances run Amazon Linux in an Auto Scaling group. Each instance stores product manuals on Amazon EBS volumes.
New instances often start with outdated data and may take up to 30 minutes to download updates. The company needs a solution ensuring all instances always have up-to-date product manuals, can scale rapidly, and does not require application code changes.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Amazon EFS provides a shared, fully managed, POSIX-compliant file system that can be mounted by all EC2 instances. Any update made to the file system is immediately visible to all instances, ensuring every new instance has the latest product manuals without delay.
EFS automatically scales storage and throughput, meeting high-demand conditions with no application changes required.
A company has stored millions of objects across multiple prefixes in an Amazon S3 bucket by using the Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive storage class. The company needs to delete all data older than 3 years except for a subset of data that must be retained. The company has identified the data that must be retained and wants to implement a serverless solution.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
To meet the requirement of deleting objects older than 3 years while retaining certain data, this solution leverages serverless technologies to minimize operational overhead.
S3 Inventory: S3 Inventory provides a flat file that lists all the objects in an S3 bucket and their metadata, which can be configured to include data such as the last modified date. This inventory can be generated daily or weekly.
AWS Lambda Function: A Lambda function can be created to process the S3 Inventory report, filtering out the objects that need to be retained and identifying those that should be deleted.
S3 Batch Operations: S3 Batch Operations can execute tasks such as object deletion at scale. By invoking the Lambda function through S3 Batch Operations, you can automate the process of deleting the identified objects, ensuring that the solution is serverless and requires minimal operational management.
Why Not Other Options?:
Option A (AWS CLI script on EC2): Running a script on an EC2 instance adds unnecessary operational overhead and is not serverless.
Option B (AWS Batch): AWS Batch is designed for running large-scale batch computing workloads, which is overkill for this scenario.
Option C (AWS Glue + script): AWS Glue is more suited for ETL tasks, and this approach would add unnecessary complexity compared to the serverless Lambda solution.
AWS Reference:
Amazon S3 Inventory- Information on how to set up and use S3 Inventory.
S3 Batch Operations- Documentation on how to perform bulk operations on S3 objects using S3 Batch Operations.
