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A security review has identified that an AWS CodeBuild project is downloading a database population script from an Amazon S3 bucket using an unauthenticated request. The security team does not allow unauthenticated requests to S3 buckets for this project.
How can this issue be corrected in the MOST secure manner?
A bucket policy is a resource-based policy that defines who can access a specific S3 bucket and what actions they can perform on it. By removing unauthenticated access from the bucket policy, you can prevent anyone without valid credentials from accessing the bucket. A service role is an IAM role that allows an AWS service, such as CodeBuild, to perform actions on your behalf. By modifying the service role for the CodeBuild project to include Amazon S3 access, you can grant the project permission to read and write objects in the S3 bucket. The AWS CLI is a command-line tool that allows you to interact with AWS services, such as S3, using commands in your terminal. By using the AWS CLI to download the database population script, you can leverage the service role credentials and encryption to secure the data transfer.
For more information, you can refer to these web pages:
[Using bucket policies and user policies - Amazon Simple Storage Service]
[Create a service role for CodeBuild - AWS CodeBuild]
[AWS Command Line Interface]
A company has a continuous integration pipeline where the company creates container images by using AWS CodeBuild. The created images are stored in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Checking for and fixing the vulnerabilities in the images takes the company too much time. The company wants to identify the image vulnerabilities quickly and notify the security team of the vulnerabilities. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)
A company uses Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server as its primary database and must ensure cross-Region high availability with RPO < 1 min and RTO < 10 min.
Which solution meets these requirements?
RDS Multi-AZ cluster deployments with cross-Region read replicas support near real-time replication (<1 min RPO) and fast promotion (<10 min RTO). Route 53 CNAME failover redirects application traffic automatically. This is the AWS-recommended DR pattern.
A company is developing an application that uses AWS Lambda functions. A DevOps engineer must create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines a deployment configuration for gradual traffic shifting to new Lambda function versions.
Which CloudFormation resource configuration will meet this requirement?
For gradual traffic shifting in Lambda deployments, AWS Lambda aliases support the RoutingConfig property, which specifies the percentage of traffic routed to different versions of the Lambda function. This enables weighted traffic shifting between versions as part of deployment strategies.
The AWS::Lambda::Alias resource's RoutingConfig can specify multiple versions with weights, enabling canary or linear deployment strategies without needing CodeDeploy resources explicitly.
AWS CodeDeploy resources like DeploymentConfig and DeploymentGroup are used primarily for blue/green deployments and managing deployment strategies outside Lambda aliases.
Lambda versions themselves do not have a VersionWeight property; instead, weighted routing is managed via aliases.
AWS::Lambda::Alias - RoutingConfig:
'Specifies the versions of the function and the percentage of traffic to send to each version.'
(AWS CloudFormation Lambda Alias)
AWS Lambda Deployment Preferences:
'Weighted aliases enable gradual traffic shifting between Lambda function versions.'
(AWS Lambda Deployment Preferences)
A company wants to run a containerized application on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster that has private access enabled. The company needs to create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to deploy the application to the EKS cluster.
Which solution will meet this requirement?
When deploying to a private Amazon EKS cluster, the Kubernetes API server endpoint is not accessible from the public internet, meaning standard CodePipeline deploy actions that use public endpoints cannot directly connect to the cluster. The correct approach is to use AWS CodeBuild running inside a VPC that has connectivity to the private EKS cluster. CodeBuild runs kubectl commands to apply Kubernetes manifests or Helm charts to update the application. Authentication credentials, specifically a kubeconfig file containing the cluster endpoint, certificate authority data, and an authentication token or exec plugin configuration, should be stored securely in AWS Secrets Manager and retrieved by the CodeBuild build environment at runtime. This approach provides secure, auditable, and repeatable deployments without exposing the EKS API server publicly. Options B and D incorrectly assume CodePipeline has a native action that can reach private EKS endpoints directly.
